• DMXAA (Vadimezan

  2025-09-22

  This article examines the multifaceted role of DMXAA (Vadimezan, AS-1404) as a vascular disrupting agent for cancer research, emphasizing its dual activity as a DT-diaphorase inhibitor and apoptosis inducer in tumor endothelial cells. We explore recent insights into tumor vasculature normalization, anti-angiogenic mechanisms, and implications for enhancing antitumor immunity.

• DMXAA (Vadimezan): Translational Insights into Tumor Vasc...

  2025-09-19

  Explore how DMXAA (Vadimezan, AS-1404), a vascular disrupting agent and DT-diaphorase inhibitor, advances cancer biology research by targeting tumor vasculature and modulating immune responses. This review integrates recent findings on endothelial signaling and antitumor immunity.

• DMXAA (Vadimezan): Mechanisms and Research Applications i...

  2025-09-18

  Explore the mechanistic basis and research applications of DMXAA (Vadimezan, AS-1404), a vascular disrupting agent for cancer research. This article delves into DMXAA’s role as a DT-diaphorase inhibitor and apoptosis inducer in tumor endothelial cells, with a focus on tumor vasculature disruption and implications for cancer biology research.

• The proposed formulation is however challenging to solve sin

  2025-03-03

  

  The proposed formulation is, however, challenging to solve since the structured sparsity-inducing norms are non-smooth. In order to solve the new objective function, we consider two different approaches: proximal averaging, which takes the average the solutions from the proximal operator for the ind

• The only psychostimulant treatment option in Turkey is methy

  2025-03-03

  

  The only psychostimulant treatment option in Turkey is methylphenidate (Çetin et al., 2015). It is broken down by carboxylase enzyme (CES1) (Sun et al., 2004). From the point of pharmacokinetics, it may be suggested that CES1 gene polymorphisms may be the key responsible factors in patients resistan

• Introduction Diabetic nephropathy is a rapidly growing cause

  2025-03-03

  

  Introduction Diabetic nephropathy is a rapidly growing cause of end-stage renal disease [1]. Glomerular, tubular and vascular toxicity resulting from hyperglycemia (glucotoxicity) have been evaluated extensively at the molecular level as contributing factors for diabetic nephropathy [[1], [2], [3]]

• br Functional consequences of ADK regulation on astrocyte fu

  2025-03-03

  

  Functional consequences of ADK regulation on astrocyte function As outlined above (see introduction), ADK critically regulates the extracellular adenosine levels in bcl-2 family (Boison, 2006, Etherington et al., 2009). Changes in the levels of adenosine, as a result of the regulation of ADK exp

• br Introduction Fungi are an inexhaustible source of natural

  2025-03-03

  

  Introduction Fungi are an inexhaustible source of natural products mainly due to their wide distribution in the nature, estimated to range from 1.5 to 5.1 million species in the world [1]. Secondary metabolites from fungi represent a substantial fraction of drugs and drug models in pharmaceutical

• The mitogen activated protein kinase MAPK plays an important

  2025-03-01

  

  The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays an important role in a variety of cell processes by controlling transcriptional or translational regulation [14]. There are three major MAPK family members that have been well characterized: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-termi

• TLX may promote survival and prevent apoptosis in

  2025-03-01

  

  TLX may promote survival and prevent apoptosis in NB 96 7 [12]. Here, we ask whether the survival-promoting effects of TLX are mediated by Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase-1 (ASK1, MAP3K5). ASK1 is a member of the Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) kinase family and it preferentially activates the JN

• Previous studies have indicated that maximal

  2025-03-01

  

  Previous studies have indicated that maximal IL-8 protein enkephalin requires NF-κB activation as well as the activation of the MAP kinases ERK, JNK, and p38 (Li et al., 2002). In our study, NF-κB inhibitor can reduce the up-regulated IL-8 production by PRRSV infection, indicating that PRRSV-induce

• Second the choice of the

  2025-03-01

  

  Second, the choice of the PAABD is critical for an efficient and sensitive biosensor. The sequence of the PAABD should present high affinity and efficient recognition of the phosphorylated substrate, as opposed to poor affinity for the unphosphorylated substrate, and should display a fully reversibl

• N terminally extended antigenic peptide precursors that surv

  2025-03-01

  

  N-terminally extended antigenic peptide precursors that survive cytosolic degradation and enter the ER, need to be further processed by ERAP1 and/or ERAP2, in order to acquire the right length required for MHCI binding. ERAP1 (ERAAP in mouse) is an IFN-γ-inducible, metalloaminopeptidase that trims N

• In a working group exposed

  2025-03-01

  

  In 2008, a working group exposed 12-month-old transgenic mice (mutation for human amyloid precursor protein expression) and their non-transgenic littermates to isoflurane and halothane for 120min per day for five days. It was concluded that in the transgenic mouse there was overload of amyloid prote

• The mechanism of transformation into SCLC is unclear but the

  2025-03-01

  

  The mechanism of transformation into SCLC is unclear but the loss of retinoblastoma gene (RB) seems important and constitutes an initial event in the tumorigenic process. Some reports revealed the role of the RB gene loss in EGFR mutated NSCLC who transformed into SCLC [15]. In NGS we retrieved mut

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